What is coordination and subordination

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Employee Email: Due to multiple email issues, the deadline for submitting grades has been extended to pm Thursday, May 28, Example: There is a vase on the table. Marked: There is a vase on the table. Changed: A vase is on the table. Check your essay now for over-use of very vague verbs, such as was and were or has and had. These verbs create no vivid mental pictures for your reader.

Read the following versions of the same sentence, noticing how the more expressive verb in each sentence gives you a different mental image of motion:. The child ran down the street. The child rushed down the street. The child jogged down the street. The child scurried down the street. The child scampered down the street. The child trotted down the street. Using subordination rather than coordination, eliminating words such as there and here , and consulting a thesaurus to find better vocabulary words for your essay will help you become a better, more sophisticated writer.

There were locusts and cicadas chirping and buzzing in the trees all night long. Locusts and cicadas chirped and buzzed in the trees all night long. As I stood on the mountaintop, there were snowcapped mountain peaks all around me. As I stood on the mountaintop, snowcapped mountain peaks surrounded me. The tornado winds howled outside, and we huddled together in the basement for safety. While the tornado winds howled outside, we huddled together in the basement for safety.

The most common coordinating conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so. Note that a comma precedes the coordinating conjunction when joining two clauses.

Take a few moments to solidify your understanding of the the functions of coordinating conjunctions. Remember that when you use a coordinating conjunction in a sentence, a comma should precede it. Another method of joining two independent clauses with related and equal ideas is to use a conjunctive adverb and semicolon.

A conjunctive adverb is a linking word that demonstrates a relationship between two clauses. Read the following sentences:. Original sentences: Bridget wants to take part in the next Olympics. She trains every day. Since these sentences contain two equal and related ideas, they may be joined using a conjunctive adverb.

Now, read the revised sentence:. Revised sentence: Bridget wants to take part in the next Olympics; therefore, she trains every day. Notice that the conjunctive adverb comes after a semicolon that separates the two clauses and is followed by a comma. Review the following chart of some common conjunctive adverbs with examples of how they are used:.

Did you coordinate the same sentences? You may find that your answers are different because there are usually several ways to join two independent clauses. The stems are removed, for they contain harsh-tasting tannins. It prevents the liquid from becoming oxidized and also destroys bacteria. Some winemakers carry our the fermenting process by using yeast that is naturally present on the grapes, however, many add a yeast that is cultivated in a laboratory.

Combine each sentence pair into a single sentence using either a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb. Then copy the combined sentence onto your own sheet of paper. When writing an essay or a report, it is important that you do not use excessive coordination. Workplace documents should be clear and concise, so only join two clauses that are logically connected and can work together to make one main point. If you repeat the same coordinating conjunction several times in a sentence, you are probably including more than one idea.

This may make it difficult for readers to pick out the most important information in each sentence. Subordination is used to join two sentences with related ideas by merging them into a main clause a complete sentence and a dependent clause a construction that relies on the main clause to complete its meaning. This creates a Complex sentence. Coordination allows a writer to give equal weight to the two ideas that are being combined, and subordination enables a writer to emphasize one idea over the other.

Take a look at the following sentences:. Original sentences: Farnaz stopped to help the injured man. She would be late for work. To illustrate that these two ideas are related, we can rewrite them as a single sentence using the subordinating conjunction even though.

Revised sentence: Even though Farnaz would be late for work, she stopped to help the injured man. In the revised version, we now have an independent clause she stopped to help the injured man that stands as a complete sentence and a dependent clause even though Farnaz would be late for work that is subordinate to the main clause. Notice that the revised sentence emphasizes the fact that Tracy stopped to help the injured man, rather than the fact she would be late for work.

We could also write the sentence this way:. Revised sentence: Farnaz stopped to help the injured man even though she would be late for work.